Around the middle of the nineteenth century, medical science turned its attention to disorders of the central nervous system. Early neuroscientists, including Jean-Martin Charcot, examined and documented conditions, such as multiple scleroses, prompting research into the physiological mechanisms behind the neural activity. A turning event arose when Camillo Golgi developed a staining technique that allowed researchers to examine individual cells under a microscope.
Santiago Ramon y Cajal was an incredible Spanish scientist who developed methods to study neurons. He discovered that nerves communicate through electrical signals, allowing him to identify and classify these cells. His work led to the discovery of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit information throughout the body. These discoveries laid the groundwork for modern neuroscience and the physiological approach in psychology.
