The Arabic-Latin translation movements in the Middle Ages, which paralleled that from Greek into Latin, led to the transformation of almost all philosophical disciplines in the medieval Latin world. The impact of Arabic philosophers such as al-Fārābī, Avicenna, and Averroes on Western philosophy was particularly strong in natural philosophy, psychology, and metaphysics, but also extended to logic and ethics. While Islamic philosophy developed largely from Greek traditions, Christian conquests of Jerusalem, Sicily, and Islamic Spain, in the 11th century encouraged more contact between the two philosophies and Islamic ideas ignited a renewed interest in Christian Europe. This was also when the work of Aristotle and Islamic influence on Western philosophy peaked and initiated the foundation of the scholastic movement. A similar influence overtook other subject areas such as mathematics and science as well but took much longer to gain attention.
Introduction
How do we really define Philosophy? The Greek word φιλοσοφία – Philosophia. Or as the term has been coined by modern Western language – Philosophy. The literal meaning of this word is relatively static. Derived from its Greek origin it comprises two separate words...
