Yet again, the problem of how can philosophers justify their theories with rational arguments arose. However, Aristotle could not agree with the ways of early philosophers or even Socrates’ dialectical reasoning. It is then, that he established a system of logic as we know it, widely used in not only philosophy but sciences, psychology, and engineering. A well-known example of such is the premises ‘All men are mortal’ and ‘Socrates is a man’s, we can infer that ‘Socrates is mortal’.
The use of premises and inferences makes the blueprint of logic a domain of thought and a subject of research. In his first formal study of logic, Aristotle named this sort of logical argument a syllogism (Plato’s cave was also a syllogism). A syllogism is based upon three parts: a major premise, a minor premise and a conclusion – each of which consists of two terms or factors presented in many forms such as ‘All A are B’, ‘Some A are B’, ‘No A are B’ or ‘Some A are not B’. After this, he would use his analysis and classification to use a combination of premises and lead them to a conclusion or inference to render the arguments as either valid or invalid.
