One of the four methods of research or ways of establishing beliefs described by Charles Peirce; also called the a priori method. According to the proponents of this method, we should accept, in the course of our struggle to overcome doubt, that faith that is best...
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Algorithm
In mathematics, a procedure for solving a problem that has a finite number of steps and often involves repeating an operation; In a more general sense - a step-by-step procedure to achieve a result or solve a difficulty.
Alienation Effect or A-effect
The common translation of the German expression Verfremdungseffekt or V-Effekt (alienation effect) is a term used by Bertolt Brecht (1898 - 1956) to denote the intentional effect of dispelling the realistic illusion of the dramatic illusion of a dramatic work. The...
Aliquid Stat Pro Aliquo
A Latin expression meaning "something that stands in place of something else". From ancient times to the present day, the function of one thing standing in place of something else has been accepted as an essential characteristic of the sign. A respectful formulation...
Alterity
From Latin 'alter' - another. Alterity, difference, difference; having the status or ability to be different and unassimilable by any representation system. Usually the alterity means what is different from a dominant point of view and has thus been (and probably...
Ambiguity
Openness to many interpretations, some of which might even contradict each other; whenever a word or phrase has multiple meanings and they can be confused.
Ampliative/Explicative
Ampliative is a definition used by Charles S. Peirce to identify those forms of thinking that aim to increase our knowledge (adding something really new to the accumulations of what is already known). Explicative is such reasoning that includes explanation -...
Anagram
A word or phrase, derived from the inversion or transfer of letters from another word or phrase. An interesting and playful example is getting "Agent's evil" by shuffling the letters in the word "Evangelists". Ferdinand de Saussure studied anagrams in Latin poetry on...
Analepsis
Narrative technique, usually called a return to the old moment, less often - retrospection. If in the course of the narrative events one is presented, told before the description at the moment, it is an example of analepsis; if in the course of narrative events...
Analogy
In general - a comparison; The similarity between things that are otherwise different (for example, in many famous passages from his Course in General Linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure draws attention to the analogies between language and the game of chess). In logic...
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Fetish, Fetishizing
The most common understanding of the word Fetish is related to people's sexual desires and peculiarities. This meaning we owe to nonother but Sigmund Freud. While studying human sexuality, Freud found out that there are people that can only be aroused by specific...
Sign System
Sign system is a key concept in semiotics. It is used to refer to any system of signs and relations between signs. For example, the term language is frequently used as a synonym of a sign system. But, as the term language carries certain connotations of human...
Abduction
A term used by Charles Peirce to denote the process of inquiry in which a hypothesis is formed or generated; The result of such a process - the conclusion reached or the assumed guess, respectively, is called retroduction and hypothesis. The word "abduction" has more...
Abject
A term used by Julia Kristeva to mean something that confuses violates or undermines some established order or stable position. It has this effect because it is in the middle of what we normally consider to be absolute oppositions (eg life/death, human/machine). Many...
Free Course in Semiology
A completely and truly free course on Semiology (Semiotics). Learn about the meaning of signs, how and why did the field emerged. What is the relationship between the street signs and the signs that we use every day - words.
