A French word meaning flash, insight, schematization, and annotation. Sometimes this word is used to denote the sketching or general representation of an argument or narrative.
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Aphasia
Lack or lack of ability to understand words, often as a result of brain damage. Roman Jakobson and other linguists have studied aphasia in the hope that such a study could shed light on our speech abilities as well as the nature of language.
Apodictic
Something that has the character of truth by necessity or as a result of absolute certainty. Much of Western philosophy includes the requirement of apodictic security, but since the second half of the nineteenth century, this requirement has been called into question....
Aporia
A Greek word, meaning helplessness or difficulty in coping with something or finding something. In philosophy, this term is often used to denote a conceptually or theoretically hopeless situation in which one is placed in the pursuit of certain beliefs or convictions....
A posteriori
Knowledge, separated from experience and respectful of it. A priori means knowledge that is preliminary and not based on experience. These two terms are commonly used in epistemological discussions.
A priori
That which is preliminary and not resting on experience. It is in opposition to A posteriori, which is knowledge based on experience. The question of whether there are innate ideas, such as we were born with, and which were not separated in the process of...
A priori method
Pre-experience method. To learn more about the term A priori method, please visit Method of Agreeableness to reason. Related: A priori A posteriori
Arbitrariness
The absence of rational coordination or an intrinsic (or natural) basis. Relativity was perceived as one of if not the most important characteristics of the sign. According to Ferdinand de Saussure and his followers, the sign is a relative relationship between the...
Arche-
A prefix separated from a Greek word, meaning two things: source and ruler. Thus it conveys the meaning of the two, that from which everything originates and that through which everything is regulated and governed. Much of postmodern thinking is devoted to testing the...
Archetypes
In the most general sense - an initial type or example, according to which all other things are modeled; In Jungian psychology - a predisposition or idea (like the figure of the sage), rooted in the collective unconscious and open to countless manifestations (from...
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Acteur
An actor or character from the surface field of narrative discourse, other than the abstract function of the actant from the level of the deep structure.
Actuality
Status of existence other than potential. Objects do not just exist in different shapes and sizes; the real way of being one thing may be different from the way other things are. While the newborn is only a potential member of one language community, the competent...
Actualization
The process by which something purely potential becomes real (for example, the emergence of a flower from a seed). A.J. Greimas and J. Courte explain that in the context of semiotics this term means "transition from system to process" Thus language (langue) is a real...
Addressee
One of the six factors that make up any speech event or communication process. The addressee is the being to whom the message is addressed or transmitted; The addresser is the agent or mechanism that sends or transmits the message. If I shout to warn you of a danger,...
Addresser
One of the six factors in any communication exchange; in particular, the agent or mechanism that sends or transmits the message. Corresponding to this factor is one important function, namely the expressive or emotional function. When the communicative process focuses...
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A completely and truly free course on Semiology (Semiotics). Learn about the meaning of signs, how and why did the field emerged. What is the relationship between the street signs and the signs that we use every day - words.
