Philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience were all born out of philosophical ideas about the nature of reality. As the pace of progress accelerated during the Scientific Revolution, however, the natural sciences began to replace metaphysics. By the end of the 19 th century, psychology and neuroscience provided a scientific alternative to the philosophies of the mind. In recent decades, Albert Einstein’s theories have seemed to provide a comprehensive account of the physical universe, while some physicists have even begun questioning whether quantum mechanics is the final word. Many aspects of the new physics have thrown up a similar number of questions as answers – problems that science alone cannot solve. Some philosophers have also turned their attention to science, proposing practical solutions to the problem of induction, the basis of scientific methods. Others have questioned the very notion of a single reliable method of scientific discovery.
Introduction
How do we really define Philosophy? The Greek word φιλοσοφία – Philosophia. Or as the term has been coined by modern Western language – Philosophy. The literal meaning of this word is relatively static. Derived from its Greek origin it comprises two separate words...
