Chora from Greek, word for a vessel, container. A term borrowed by Julia Kristeva from Plato's Timaeus, meaning "an essentially mobile and extremely conditional expression constructed by movements and their ephemeral states" (1974 [1984], 25). Chora "precedes...
Semiology Glossary
Cinema
An important and interesting field for semiotic research. Just as the semiotics of cinema has become an important trend in modern film theory, so the art of cinema or cinema has become a favorite topic of today's semiotic research. Here we can see the intersection and...
Clarity (Grades of Clarity)
Different levels or degrees of conceptual clarity about the signs we use. In Charles S. Peirce's perhaps best-known essay, How to Make Our Ideas Clear, he distinguishes three degrees of clarity: subjective awareness, abstract definition, and pragmatic clarification....
Clôture
Conceptual constraints inherent in the Problematique one is dealing with or the paradigm to which one researcher belongs. The Problematique or paradigm not only guides the research but also limits it in certain ways. Clôture stands for exactly this limitation, usually...
Code
Code is One of the six factors involved in any communication process. The metalinguistic function corresponds to this factor. When communication is code-oriented or the codes on which it depends, it is said that its function is metalinguistic (or due to the fact that...
Coenoscopic
A term used by Jeremy Bentham and adopted by Charles S. Peirce to denote the spectrum of observations open to literally every researcher. The word Coenoscopic comes from Greek: the prefix (coeno-) means general, and the root (scopic) "observe". According to Peirce,...
Cogito
Latin word meaning "I think" (Cogito ergo sum - I think, therefore I exist). Cogito is a term borrowed from the modern French philosopher Rene Descartes and used to denote the Self, especially the Thinking Self. It is also a symbol of the primacy of subjectivity in...
Collective Mind
Sociologist Emile Durkheim and linguist Ferdinand de Saussure suggest that there is a collective mind above the individual mind. This is not just a sum of individual minds, but something that is not reducible to them. The assumption that there is a collective mind is...
Collective Unconscious
Carl Jung proposes that this notion, in addition to the individual unconscious (this sphere of the human soul, originating mainly from the suppression of experience, in fact, neglected by the individual in the flow of life), be the collective unconscious. This is a...
Communication
The process of transmitting and receiving messages. According to Roman Jakobson and other authors, the analysis of this process covers six factors: 1. Addresser 2. Addressee 3. Contact (Channel) 4. Context 5. Code 6. Message Corresponding to these factors are six...
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Apodictic
Something that has the character of truth by necessity or as a result of absolute certainty. Much of Western philosophy includes the requirement of apodictic security, but since the second half of the nineteenth century, this requirement has been called into question....
Aporia
A Greek word, meaning helplessness or difficulty in coping with something or finding something. In philosophy, this term is often used to denote a conceptually or theoretically hopeless situation in which one is placed in the pursuit of certain beliefs or convictions....
A posteriori
Knowledge, separated from experience and respectful of it. A priori means knowledge that is preliminary and not based on experience. These two terms are commonly used in epistemological discussions.
A priori
That which is preliminary and not resting on experience. It is in opposition to A posteriori, which is knowledge based on experience. The question of whether there are innate ideas, such as we were born with, and which were not separated in the process of...
A priori method
Pre-experience method. To learn more about the term A priori method, please visit Method of Agreeableness to reason. Related: A priori A posteriori
Free Course in Semiology
A completely and truly free course on Semiology (Semiotics). Learn about the meaning of signs, how and why did the field emerged. What is the relationship between the street signs and the signs that we use every day - words.
